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<h1>Hadoop Archives</h1>
<div id="minitoc-area">
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<li>
<a href="#What+are+Hadoop+archives%3F"> What are Hadoop archives? </a>
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<li>
<a href="#How+to+create+an+archive%3F"> How to create an archive? </a>
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<a href="#How+to+look+up+files+in+archives%3F"> How to look up files in archives? </a>
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<a name="N1000D"></a><a name="What+are+Hadoop+archives%3F"></a>
<h2 class="h3"> What are Hadoop archives? </h2>
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<p>
        Hadoop archives are special format archives. A Hadoop archive
        maps to a file system directory. A Hadoop archive always has a *.har
        extension. A Hadoop archive directory contains metadata (in the form 
        of _index and _masterindex) and data (part-*) files. The _index file contains
        the name of the files that are part of the archive and the location
        within the part files. 
        </p>
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<a name="N10017"></a><a name="How+to+create+an+archive%3F"></a>
<h2 class="h3"> How to create an archive? </h2>
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<p>
        
<span class="codefrag">Usage: hadoop archive -archiveName name &lt;src&gt;* &lt;dest&gt;</span>
        
</p>
<p>
        -archiveName is the name of the archive you would like to create. 
        An example would be foo.har. The name should have a *.har extension. 
        The inputs are file system pathnames which work as usual with regular
        expressions. The destination directory would contain the archive.
        Note that this is a Map/Reduce job that creates the archives. You would
        need a map reduce cluster to run this. The following is an example:</p>
<p>
        
<span class="codefrag">hadoop archive -archiveName foo.har /user/hadoop/dir1 /user/hadoop/dir2 /user/zoo/</span>
        
</p>
<p>
        In the above example /user/hadoop/dir1 and /user/hadoop/dir2 will be
        archived in the following file system directory -- /user/zoo/foo.har.
        The sources are not changed or removed when an archive is created.
        </p>
</div>
        
<a name="N1002F"></a><a name="How+to+look+up+files+in+archives%3F"></a>
<h2 class="h3"> How to look up files in archives? </h2>
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<p>
        The archive exposes itself as a file system layer. So all the fs shell
        commands in the archives work but with a different URI. Also, note that
        archives are immutable. So, rename's, deletes and creates return
        an error. URI for Hadoop Archives is 
        </p>
<p>
<span class="codefrag">har://scheme-hostname:port/archivepath/fileinarchive</span>
</p>
<p>
        If no scheme is provided it assumes the underlying filesystem. 
        In that case the URI would look like 
        </p>
<p>
<span class="codefrag">
        har:///archivepath/fileinarchive</span>
</p>
<p>
        Here is an example of archive. The input to the archives is /dir. The directory dir contains 
        files filea, fileb. To archive /dir to /user/hadoop/foo.har, the command is 
        </p>
<p>
<span class="codefrag">hadoop archive -archiveName foo.har /dir /user/hadoop</span>
        
</p>
<p>
        To get file listing for files in the created archive 
        </p>
<p>
<span class="codefrag">hadoop dfs -lsr har:///user/hadoop/foo.har</span>
</p>
<p>To cat filea in archive -
        </p>
<p>
<span class="codefrag">hadoop dfs -cat har:///user/hadoop/foo.har/dir/filea</span>
</p>
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