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<h1>Hadoop Quickstart</h1>
<div id="minitoc-area">
<ul class="minitoc">
<li>
<a href="#Purpose">Purpose</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#PreReqs">Pre-requisites</a>
<ul class="minitoc">
<li>
<a href="#Supported+Platforms">Supported Platforms</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#Required+Software">Required Software</a>
<ul class="minitoc">
<li>
<a href="#Additional+requirements+for+Windows">Additional requirements for Windows</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#Installing+Software">Installing Software</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#Download">Download</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#Prepare+to+Start+the+Hadoop+Cluster">Prepare to Start the Hadoop Cluster</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#Local">Standalone Operation</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#PseudoDistributed">Pseudo-Distributed Operation</a>
<ul class="minitoc">
<li>
<a href="#Configuration">Configuration</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#Setup+passphraseless">Setup passphraseless ssh</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#Execution">Execution</a>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#FullyDistributed">Fully-Distributed Operation</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
  
    
<a name="N1000D"></a><a name="Purpose"></a>
<h2 class="h3">Purpose</h2>
<div class="section">
<p>The purpose of this document is to help users get a single-node Hadoop 
      installation up and running very quickly so that users can get a flavour 
      of the <a href="hdfs_design.html">Hadoop Distributed File System 
      (<acronym title="Hadoop Distributed File System">HDFS</acronym>)</a> and 
      the Map-Reduce framework i.e. perform simple operations on HDFS, run 
      example/simple jobs etc.</p>
</div>
    
    
<a name="N1001F"></a><a name="PreReqs"></a>
<h2 class="h3">Pre-requisites</h2>
<div class="section">
<a name="N10025"></a><a name="Supported+Platforms"></a>
<h3 class="h4">Supported Platforms</h3>
<ul>
          
<li>
            Hadoop has been demonstrated on GNU/Linux clusters with 2000 nodes.
          </li>
          
<li>
            Win32 is supported as a <em>development platform</em>. Distributed 
            operation has not been well tested on Win32, so this is not a 
            <em>production platform</em>.
          </li>
        
</ul>
<a name="N1003B"></a><a name="Required+Software"></a>
<h3 class="h4">Required Software</h3>
<ol>
          
<li>
            Java<sup>TM</sup> 1.6.x, preferably from Sun, must be installed.
          </li>
          
<li>
            
<strong>ssh</strong> must be installed and <strong>sshd</strong> must 
            be running to use the Hadoop scripts that manage remote Hadoop 
            daemons.
          </li>
        
</ol>
<a name="N10053"></a><a name="Additional+requirements+for+Windows"></a>
<h4>Additional requirements for Windows</h4>
<ol>
            
<li>
              
<a href="http://www.cygwin.com/">Cygwin</a> - Required for shell 
              support in addition to the required software above. 
            </li>
          
</ol>
<a name="N10065"></a><a name="Installing+Software"></a>
<h3 class="h4">Installing Software</h3>
<p>If your cluster doesn't have the requisite software you will need to
        install it.</p>
<p>For example on Ubuntu Linux:</p>
<p>
          
<span class="codefrag">$ sudo apt-get install ssh</span>
<br>
          
<span class="codefrag">$ sudo apt-get install rsync</span>
        
</p>
<p>On Windows, if you did not install the required software when you 
        installed cygwin, start the cygwin installer and select the packages:</p>
<ul>
          
<li>openssh - the <em>Net</em> category</li>
        
</ul>
</div>
    
    
<a name="N10089"></a><a name="Download"></a>
<h2 class="h3">Download</h2>
<div class="section">
<p>
        To get a Hadoop distribution, download a recent 
        <a href="http://hadoop.apache.org/core/releases.html">stable release</a> from one of the Apache Download
        Mirrors.
      </p>
</div>

    
<a name="N10097"></a><a name="Prepare+to+Start+the+Hadoop+Cluster"></a>
<h2 class="h3">Prepare to Start the Hadoop Cluster</h2>
<div class="section">
<p>
        Unpack the downloaded Hadoop distribution. In the distribution, edit the
        file <span class="codefrag">conf/hadoop-env.sh</span> to define at least 
        <span class="codefrag">JAVA_HOME</span> to be the root of your Java installation.
      </p>
<p>
	    Try the following command:<br>
        
<span class="codefrag">$ bin/hadoop</span>
<br>
        This will display the usage documentation for the <strong>hadoop</strong> 
        script.
      </p>
<p>Now you are ready to start your Hadoop cluster in one of the three supported
      modes:
      </p>
<ul>
        
<li>Local (Standalone) Mode</li>
        
<li>Pseudo-Distributed Mode</li>
        
<li>Fully-Distributed Mode</li>
      
</ul>
</div>
    
    
<a name="N100C2"></a><a name="Local"></a>
<h2 class="h3">Standalone Operation</h2>
<div class="section">
<p>By default, Hadoop is configured to run things in a non-distributed 
      mode, as a single Java process. This is useful for debugging.</p>
<p>
        The following example copies the unpacked <span class="codefrag">conf</span> directory to 
        use as input and then finds and displays every match of the given regular 
        expression. Output is written to the given <span class="codefrag">output</span> directory.
        <br>
        
<span class="codefrag">$ mkdir input</span>
<br>
        
<span class="codefrag">$ cp conf/*.xml input</span>
<br>
        
<span class="codefrag">
          $ bin/hadoop jar hadoop-*-examples.jar grep input output 'dfs[a-z.]+'
        </span>
<br>
        
<span class="codefrag">$ cat output/*</span>
      
</p>
</div>
    
    
<a name="N100E6"></a><a name="PseudoDistributed"></a>
<h2 class="h3">Pseudo-Distributed Operation</h2>
<div class="section">
<p>Hadoop can also be run on a single-node in a pseudo-distributed mode 
	  where each Hadoop daemon runs in a separate Java process.</p>
<a name="N100EF"></a><a name="Configuration"></a>
<h3 class="h4">Configuration</h3>
<p>Use the following <span class="codefrag">conf/hadoop-site.xml</span>:</p>
<table class="ForrestTable" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="4">
        
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">&lt;configuration&gt;</td>
</tr>

          
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;property&gt;</td>
</tr>
            
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;name&gt;fs.default.name&lt;/name&gt;</td>
</tr>
            
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;value&gt;localhost:9000&lt;/value&gt;</td>
</tr>
          
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/property&gt;</td>
</tr>

          
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;property&gt;</td>
</tr>
            
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;name&gt;mapred.job.tracker&lt;/name&gt;</td>
</tr>
            
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;value&gt;localhost:9001&lt;/value&gt;</td>
</tr>
          
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/property&gt;</td>
</tr>

          
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;property&gt;</td>
</tr>
            
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;name&gt;dfs.replication&lt;/name&gt;</td>
</tr>
            
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;value&gt;1&lt;/value&gt;</td>
</tr>
          
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;/property&gt;</td>
</tr>

        
<tr>
<td colspan="1" rowspan="1">&lt;/configuration&gt;</td>
</tr>
        
</table>
<a name="N10153"></a><a name="Setup+passphraseless"></a>
<h3 class="h4">Setup passphraseless ssh</h3>
<p>
          Now check that you can ssh to the localhost without a passphrase:<br>
          
<span class="codefrag">$ ssh localhost</span>
        
</p>
<p>
          If you cannot ssh to localhost without a passphrase, execute the 
          following commands:<br>
   		  
<span class="codefrag">$ ssh-keygen -t dsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa</span>
<br>
		  
<span class="codefrag">$ cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub &gt;&gt; ~/.ssh/authorized_keys</span>
		
</p>
<a name="N10170"></a><a name="Execution"></a>
<h3 class="h4">Execution</h3>
<p>
          Format a new distributed-filesystem:<br>
          
<span class="codefrag">$ bin/hadoop namenode -format</span>
        
</p>
<p>
		  Start The hadoop daemons:<br>
          
<span class="codefrag">$ bin/start-all.sh</span>
        
</p>
<p>The hadoop daemon log output is written to the 
        <span class="codefrag">${HADOOP_LOG_DIR}</span> directory (defaults to 
        <span class="codefrag">${HADOOP_HOME}/logs</span>).</p>
<p>Browse the web-interface for the NameNode and the JobTracker, by
        default they are available at:</p>
<ul>
          
<li>
            
<span class="codefrag">NameNode</span> - 
            <a href="http://localhost:50070/">http://localhost:50070/</a>
          
</li>
          
<li>
            
<span class="codefrag">JobTracker</span> - 
            <a href="http://localhost:50030/">http://localhost:50030/</a>
          
</li>
        
</ul>
<p>
          Copy the input files into the distributed filesystem:<br>
		  
<span class="codefrag">$ bin/hadoop dfs -put conf input</span>
		
</p>
<p>
          Run some of the examples provided:<br>
          
<span class="codefrag">
            $ bin/hadoop jar hadoop-*-examples.jar grep input output 'dfs[a-z.]+'
          </span>
        
</p>
<p>Examine the output files:</p>
<p>
          Copy the output files from the distributed filesystem to the local 
          filesytem and examine them:<br>
          
<span class="codefrag">$ bin/hadoop dfs -get output output</span>
<br>
          
<span class="codefrag">$ cat output/*</span>
        
</p>
<p> or </p>
<p>
          View the output files on the distributed filesystem:<br>
          
<span class="codefrag">$ bin/hadoop dfs -cat output/*</span>
        
</p>
<p>
		  When you're done, stop the daemons with:<br>
		  
<span class="codefrag">$ bin/stop-all.sh</span>
		
</p>
</div>
    
    
<a name="N101DD"></a><a name="FullyDistributed"></a>
<h2 class="h3">Fully-Distributed Operation</h2>
<div class="section">
<p>Information on setting up fully-distributed, non-trivial clusters
	  can be found <a href="cluster_setup.html">here</a>.</p>
</div>
    
    
<p>
      
<em>Java and JNI are trademarks or registered trademarks of 
      Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the United States and other countries.</em>
    
</p>
    
  
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