MAPREDUCE-5844. Add a configurable delay to reducer-preemption. (Maysam Yabandeh via kasha)

git-svn-id: https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/hadoop/common/branches/branch-2@1604032 13f79535-47bb-0310-9956-ffa450edef68

hadoop-mapreduce-project/CHANGES.txt

@@ -71,6 +71,9 @@ Release 2.5.0 - UNRELEASED
     MAPREDUCE-5896. InputSplits should indicate which locations have the block 
     cached in memory. (Sandy Ryza via kasha)
 
+    MAPREDUCE-5844. Add a configurable delay to reducer-preemption. 
+    (Maysam Yabandeh via kasha)
+
   OPTIMIZATIONS
 
   BUG FIXES 

hadoop-mapreduce-project/dev-support/findbugs-exclude.xml

@@ -475,8 +475,8 @@
    <Match>
      <Class name="org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.rm.RMContainerAllocator" />
      <Or>
-      <Field name="mapResourceReqt" />
-      <Field name="reduceResourceReqt" />
+      <Field name="mapResourceRequest" />
+      <Field name="reduceResourceRequest" />
       <Field name="maxReduceRampupLimit" />
       <Field name="reduceSlowStart" />
      </Or>

hadoop-mapreduce-project/hadoop-mapreduce-client/hadoop-mapreduce-client-app/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/mapreduce/v2/app/rm/RMContainerAllocator.java

@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.Priority;
 import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.client.api.NMTokenCache;
 import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.exceptions.YarnRuntimeException;
 import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.factory.providers.RecordFactoryProvider;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.util.Clock;
 import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.util.RackResolver;
 
 import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
@@ -141,15 +142,21 @@ public class RMContainerAllocator extends RMContainerRequestor
   private int lastCompletedTasks = 0;
   
   private boolean recalculateReduceSchedule = false;
-  private int mapResourceReqt;//memory
-  private int reduceResourceReqt;//memory
+  private int mapResourceRequest;//memory
+  private int reduceResourceRequest;//memory
   
   private boolean reduceStarted = false;
   private float maxReduceRampupLimit = 0;
   private float maxReducePreemptionLimit = 0;
+  /**
+   * after this threshold, if the container request is not allocated, it is
+   * considered delayed.
+   */
+  private long allocationDelayThresholdMs = 0;
   private float reduceSlowStart = 0;
   private long retryInterval;
   private long retrystartTime;
+  private Clock clock;
 
   @VisibleForTesting
   protected BlockingQueue<ContainerAllocatorEvent> eventQueue
@@ -160,6 +167,7 @@ public class RMContainerAllocator extends RMContainerRequestor
   public RMContainerAllocator(ClientService clientService, AppContext context) {
     super(clientService, context);
     this.stopped = new AtomicBoolean(false);
+    this.clock = context.getClock();
   }
 
   @Override
@@ -174,6 +182,9 @@ public class RMContainerAllocator extends RMContainerRequestor
     maxReducePreemptionLimit = conf.getFloat(
         MRJobConfig.MR_AM_JOB_REDUCE_PREEMPTION_LIMIT,
         MRJobConfig.DEFAULT_MR_AM_JOB_REDUCE_PREEMPTION_LIMIT);
+    allocationDelayThresholdMs = conf.getInt(
+        MRJobConfig.MR_JOB_REDUCER_PREEMPT_DELAY_SEC,
+        MRJobConfig.DEFAULT_MR_JOB_REDUCER_PREEMPT_DELAY_SEC) * 1000;//sec -> ms
     RackResolver.init(conf);
     retryInterval = getConfig().getLong(MRJobConfig.MR_AM_TO_RM_WAIT_INTERVAL_MS,
                                 MRJobConfig.DEFAULT_MR_AM_TO_RM_WAIT_INTERVAL_MS);
@@ -240,7 +251,7 @@ public class RMContainerAllocator extends RMContainerRequestor
           getJob().getTotalMaps(), completedMaps,
           scheduledRequests.maps.size(), scheduledRequests.reduces.size(), 
           assignedRequests.maps.size(), assignedRequests.reduces.size(),
-          mapResourceReqt, reduceResourceReqt,
+          mapResourceRequest, reduceResourceRequest,
           pendingReduces.size(), 
           maxReduceRampupLimit, reduceSlowStart);
       recalculateReduceSchedule = false;
@@ -262,6 +273,18 @@ public class RMContainerAllocator extends RMContainerRequestor
     scheduleStats.log("Final Stats: ");
   }
 
+  @Private
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  AssignedRequests getAssignedRequests() {
+    return assignedRequests;
+  }
+
+  @Private
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  ScheduledRequests getScheduledRequests() {
+    return scheduledRequests;
+  }
+
   public boolean getIsReduceStarted() {
     return reduceStarted;
   }
@@ -297,16 +320,16 @@ public class RMContainerAllocator extends RMContainerRequestor
       int supportedMaxContainerCapability =
           getMaxContainerCapability().getMemory();
       if (reqEvent.getAttemptID().getTaskId().getTaskType().equals(TaskType.MAP)) {
-        if (mapResourceReqt == 0) {
-          mapResourceReqt = reqEvent.getCapability().getMemory();
+        if (mapResourceRequest == 0) {
+          mapResourceRequest = reqEvent.getCapability().getMemory();
           eventHandler.handle(new JobHistoryEvent(jobId, 
               new NormalizedResourceEvent(org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.TaskType.MAP,
-              mapResourceReqt)));
-          LOG.info("mapResourceReqt:"+mapResourceReqt);
-          if (mapResourceReqt > supportedMaxContainerCapability) {
+                  mapResourceRequest)));
+          LOG.info("mapResourceRequest:"+ mapResourceRequest);
+          if (mapResourceRequest > supportedMaxContainerCapability) {
             String diagMsg = "MAP capability required is more than the supported " +
-            "max container capability in the cluster. Killing the Job. mapResourceReqt: " + 
-            mapResourceReqt + " maxContainerCapability:" + supportedMaxContainerCapability;
+            "max container capability in the cluster. Killing the Job. mapResourceRequest: " +
+                mapResourceRequest + " maxContainerCapability:" + supportedMaxContainerCapability;
             LOG.info(diagMsg);
             eventHandler.handle(new JobDiagnosticsUpdateEvent(
                 jobId, diagMsg));
@@ -314,20 +337,20 @@ public class RMContainerAllocator extends RMContainerRequestor
           }
         }
         //set the rounded off memory
-        reqEvent.getCapability().setMemory(mapResourceReqt);
+        reqEvent.getCapability().setMemory(mapResourceRequest);
         scheduledRequests.addMap(reqEvent);//maps are immediately scheduled
       } else {
-        if (reduceResourceReqt == 0) {
-          reduceResourceReqt = reqEvent.getCapability().getMemory();
+        if (reduceResourceRequest == 0) {
+          reduceResourceRequest = reqEvent.getCapability().getMemory();
           eventHandler.handle(new JobHistoryEvent(jobId, 
               new NormalizedResourceEvent(
                   org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.TaskType.REDUCE,
-              reduceResourceReqt)));
-          LOG.info("reduceResourceReqt:"+reduceResourceReqt);
-          if (reduceResourceReqt > supportedMaxContainerCapability) {
+                  reduceResourceRequest)));
+          LOG.info("reduceResourceRequest:"+ reduceResourceRequest);
+          if (reduceResourceRequest > supportedMaxContainerCapability) {
             String diagMsg = "REDUCE capability required is more than the " +
             		"supported max container capability in the cluster. Killing the " +
-            		"Job. reduceResourceReqt: " + reduceResourceReqt +
+            		"Job. reduceResourceRequest: " + reduceResourceRequest +
             		" maxContainerCapability:" + supportedMaxContainerCapability;
             LOG.info(diagMsg);
             eventHandler.handle(new JobDiagnosticsUpdateEvent(
@@ -336,7 +359,7 @@ public class RMContainerAllocator extends RMContainerRequestor
           }
         }
         //set the rounded off memory
-        reqEvent.getCapability().setMemory(reduceResourceReqt);
+        reqEvent.getCapability().setMemory(reduceResourceRequest);
         if (reqEvent.getEarlierAttemptFailed()) {
           //add to the front of queue for fail fast
           pendingReduces.addFirst(new ContainerRequest(reqEvent, PRIORITY_REDUCE));
@@ -384,8 +407,22 @@ public class RMContainerAllocator extends RMContainerRequestor
     return host;
   }
 
-  private void preemptReducesIfNeeded() {
-    if (reduceResourceReqt == 0) {
+  @Private
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  synchronized void setReduceResourceRequest(int mem) {
+    this.reduceResourceRequest = mem;
+  }
+
+  @Private
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  synchronized void setMapResourceRequest(int mem) {
+    this.mapResourceRequest = mem;
+  }
+
+  @Private
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  void preemptReducesIfNeeded() {
+    if (reduceResourceRequest == 0) {
       return; //no reduces
     }
     //check if reduces have taken over the whole cluster and there are 
@@ -393,9 +430,9 @@ public class RMContainerAllocator extends RMContainerRequestor
     if (scheduledRequests.maps.size() > 0) {
       int memLimit = getMemLimit();
       int availableMemForMap = memLimit - ((assignedRequests.reduces.size() -
-          assignedRequests.preemptionWaitingReduces.size()) * reduceResourceReqt);
+          assignedRequests.preemptionWaitingReduces.size()) * reduceResourceRequest);
       //availableMemForMap must be sufficient to run atleast 1 map
-      if (availableMemForMap < mapResourceReqt) {
+      if (availableMemForMap < mapResourceRequest) {
         //to make sure new containers are given to maps and not reduces
         //ramp down all scheduled reduces if any
         //(since reduces are scheduled at higher priority than maps)
@@ -404,22 +441,40 @@ public class RMContainerAllocator extends RMContainerRequestor
           pendingReduces.add(req);
         }
         scheduledRequests.reduces.clear();
-        
-        //preempt for making space for atleast one map
-        int premeptionLimit = Math.max(mapResourceReqt, 
-            (int) (maxReducePreemptionLimit * memLimit));
-        
-        int preemptMem = Math.min(scheduledRequests.maps.size() * mapResourceReqt, 
-            premeptionLimit);
-        
-        int toPreempt = (int) Math.ceil((float) preemptMem/reduceResourceReqt);
-        toPreempt = Math.min(toPreempt, assignedRequests.reduces.size());
-        
-        LOG.info("Going to preempt " + toPreempt);
-        assignedRequests.preemptReduce(toPreempt);
+ 
+        //do further checking to find the number of map requests that were
+        //hanging around for a while
+        int hangingMapRequests = getNumOfHangingRequests(scheduledRequests.maps);
+        if (hangingMapRequests > 0) {
+          //preempt for making space for at least one map
+          int premeptionLimit = Math.max(mapResourceRequest,
+              (int) (maxReducePreemptionLimit * memLimit));
+
+          int preemptMem = Math.min(hangingMapRequests * mapResourceRequest,
+              premeptionLimit);
+
+          int toPreempt = (int) Math.ceil((float) preemptMem / reduceResourceRequest);
+          toPreempt = Math.min(toPreempt, assignedRequests.reduces.size());
+
+          LOG.info("Going to preempt " + toPreempt + " due to lack of space for maps");
+          assignedRequests.preemptReduce(toPreempt);
+        }
       }
     }
   }
+ 
+  private int getNumOfHangingRequests(Map<TaskAttemptId, ContainerRequest> requestMap) {
+    if (allocationDelayThresholdMs <= 0)
+      return requestMap.size();
+    int hangingRequests = 0;
+    long currTime = clock.getTime();
+    for (ContainerRequest request: requestMap.values()) {
+      long delay = currTime - request.requestTimeMs;
+      if (delay > allocationDelayThresholdMs)
+        hangingRequests++;
+    }
+    return hangingRequests;
+  }
   
   @Private
   public void scheduleReduces(
@@ -695,11 +750,13 @@ public class RMContainerAllocator extends RMContainerRequestor
   @Private
   public int getMemLimit() {
     int headRoom = getAvailableResources() != null ? getAvailableResources().getMemory() : 0;
-    return headRoom + assignedRequests.maps.size() * mapResourceReqt + 
-       assignedRequests.reduces.size() * reduceResourceReqt;
+    return headRoom + assignedRequests.maps.size() * mapResourceRequest +
+       assignedRequests.reduces.size() * reduceResourceRequest;
   }
-  
-  private class ScheduledRequests {
+
+  @Private
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  class ScheduledRequests {
     
     private final LinkedList<TaskAttemptId> earlierFailedMaps = 
       new LinkedList<TaskAttemptId>();
@@ -709,7 +766,8 @@ public class RMContainerAllocator extends RMContainerRequestor
       new HashMap<String, LinkedList<TaskAttemptId>>();
     private final Map<String, LinkedList<TaskAttemptId>> mapsRackMapping = 
       new HashMap<String, LinkedList<TaskAttemptId>>();
-    private final Map<TaskAttemptId, ContainerRequest> maps = 
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    final Map<TaskAttemptId, ContainerRequest> maps =
       new LinkedHashMap<TaskAttemptId, ContainerRequest>();
     
     private final LinkedHashMap<TaskAttemptId, ContainerRequest> reduces = 
@@ -805,22 +863,22 @@ public class RMContainerAllocator extends RMContainerRequestor
         int allocatedMemory = allocated.getResource().getMemory();
         if (PRIORITY_FAST_FAIL_MAP.equals(priority) 
             || PRIORITY_MAP.equals(priority)) {
-          if (allocatedMemory < mapResourceReqt
+          if (allocatedMemory < mapResourceRequest
               || maps.isEmpty()) {
             LOG.info("Cannot assign container " + allocated 
                 + " for a map as either "
-                + " container memory less than required " + mapResourceReqt
+                + " container memory less than required " + mapResourceRequest
                 + " or no pending map tasks - maps.isEmpty=" 
                 + maps.isEmpty()); 
             isAssignable = false; 
           }
         } 
         else if (PRIORITY_REDUCE.equals(priority)) {
-          if (allocatedMemory < reduceResourceReqt
+          if (allocatedMemory < reduceResourceRequest
               || reduces.isEmpty()) {
             LOG.info("Cannot assign container " + allocated 
                 + " for a reduce as either "
-                + " container memory less than required " + reduceResourceReqt
+                + " container memory less than required " + reduceResourceRequest
                 + " or no pending reduce tasks - reduces.isEmpty=" 
                 + reduces.isEmpty()); 
             isAssignable = false;
@@ -1099,14 +1157,18 @@ public class RMContainerAllocator extends RMContainerRequestor
     }
   }
 
-  private class AssignedRequests {
+  @Private
+  @VisibleForTesting
+  class AssignedRequests {
     private final Map<ContainerId, TaskAttemptId> containerToAttemptMap =
       new HashMap<ContainerId, TaskAttemptId>();
     private final LinkedHashMap<TaskAttemptId, Container> maps = 
       new LinkedHashMap<TaskAttemptId, Container>();
-    private final LinkedHashMap<TaskAttemptId, Container> reduces = 
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    final LinkedHashMap<TaskAttemptId, Container> reduces =
       new LinkedHashMap<TaskAttemptId, Container>();
-    private final Set<TaskAttemptId> preemptionWaitingReduces = 
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    final Set<TaskAttemptId> preemptionWaitingReduces =
       new HashSet<TaskAttemptId>();
     
     void add(Container container, TaskAttemptId tId) {

hadoop-mapreduce-project/hadoop-mapreduce-client/hadoop-mapreduce-client-app/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/mapreduce/v2/app/rm/RMContainerRequestor.java

@@ -29,8 +29,10 @@ import java.util.TreeSet;
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 
+import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
 import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
+import org.apache.hadoop.classification.InterfaceAudience.Private;
 import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
 import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.MRJobConfig;
 import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.api.records.TaskAttemptId;
@@ -96,6 +98,8 @@ public abstract class RMContainerRequestor extends RMCommunicator {
     super(clientService, context);
   }
 
+  @Private
+  @VisibleForTesting
   static class ContainerRequest {
     final TaskAttemptId attemptID;
     final Resource capability;
@@ -103,20 +107,39 @@ public abstract class RMContainerRequestor extends RMCommunicator {
     final String[] racks;
     //final boolean earlierAttemptFailed;
     final Priority priority;
-    
+    /**
+     * the time when this request object was formed; can be used to avoid
+     * aggressive preemption for recently placed requests
+     */
+    final long requestTimeMs;
+
     public ContainerRequest(ContainerRequestEvent event, Priority priority) {
       this(event.getAttemptID(), event.getCapability(), event.getHosts(),
           event.getRacks(), priority);
     }
-    
+
+    public ContainerRequest(ContainerRequestEvent event, Priority priority,
+                            long requestTimeMs) {
+      this(event.getAttemptID(), event.getCapability(), event.getHosts(),
+          event.getRacks(), priority, requestTimeMs);
+    }
+
+    public ContainerRequest(TaskAttemptId attemptID,
+                            Resource capability, String[] hosts, String[] racks,
+                            Priority priority) {
+      this(attemptID, capability, hosts, racks, priority,
+          System.currentTimeMillis());
+    }
+
     public ContainerRequest(TaskAttemptId attemptID,
-        Resource capability, String[] hosts, String[] racks, 
-        Priority priority) {
+        Resource capability, String[] hosts, String[] racks,
+        Priority priority, long requestTimeMs) {
       this.attemptID = attemptID;
       this.capability = capability;
       this.hosts = hosts;
       this.racks = racks;
       this.priority = priority;
+      this.requestTimeMs = requestTimeMs;
     }
     
     public String toString() {

hadoop-mapreduce-project/hadoop-mapreduce-client/hadoop-mapreduce-client-app/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/mapreduce/v2/app/TestRMContainerAllocator.java → hadoop-mapreduce-project/hadoop-mapreduce-client/hadoop-mapreduce-client-app/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/mapreduce/v2/app/rm/TestRMContainerAllocator.java

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 * limitations under the License.
 */
 
-package org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app;
+package org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.rm;
 
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyFloat;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyInt;
@@ -40,6 +40,10 @@ import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
 
+import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.AppContext;
+import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.ClusterInfo;
+import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.ControlledClock;
+import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.MRApp;
 import org.junit.Assert;
 
 import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
@@ -65,10 +69,6 @@ import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.job.event.TaskAttemptEventType;
 import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.job.event.TaskAttemptKillEvent;
 import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.job.impl.JobImpl;
 import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.job.impl.TaskAttemptImpl;
-import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.rm.ContainerAllocator;
-import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.rm.ContainerFailedEvent;
-import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.rm.ContainerRequestEvent;
-import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.rm.RMContainerAllocator;
 import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.util.MRBuilderUtils;
 import org.apache.hadoop.metrics2.lib.DefaultMetricsSystem;
 import org.apache.hadoop.net.NetUtils;
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ import org.apache.hadoop.test.GenericTestUtils;
 import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.ApplicationMasterProtocol;
 import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.ApplicationAttemptId;
 import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.ApplicationId;
+import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.Container;
 import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.ContainerExitStatus;
 import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.ContainerId;
 import org.apache.hadoop.yarn.api.records.ContainerState;
@@ -421,6 +422,115 @@ public class TestRMContainerAllocator {
         killEventMessage.contains(RMContainerAllocator.RAMPDOWN_DIAGNOSTIC));
   }
 
+  @Test(timeout = 30000)
+  public void testPreemptReducers() throws Exception {
+    LOG.info("Running testPreemptReducers");
+
+    Configuration conf = new Configuration();
+    MyResourceManager rm = new MyResourceManager(conf);
+    rm.start();
+    DrainDispatcher dispatcher = (DrainDispatcher) rm.getRMContext()
+        .getDispatcher();
+
+    // Submit the application
+    RMApp app = rm.submitApp(1024);
+    dispatcher.await();
+
+    MockNM amNodeManager = rm.registerNode("amNM:1234", 2048);
+    amNodeManager.nodeHeartbeat(true);
+    dispatcher.await();
+
+    ApplicationAttemptId appAttemptId = app.getCurrentAppAttempt()
+        .getAppAttemptId();
+    rm.sendAMLaunched(appAttemptId);
+    dispatcher.await();
+
+    JobId jobId = MRBuilderUtils.newJobId(appAttemptId.getApplicationId(), 0);
+    Job mockJob = mock(Job.class);
+    when(mockJob.getReport()).thenReturn(
+        MRBuilderUtils.newJobReport(jobId, "job", "user", JobState.RUNNING, 0,
+            0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, "jobfile", null, false, ""));
+    MyContainerAllocator allocator = new MyContainerAllocator(rm, conf,
+        appAttemptId, mockJob, new SystemClock());
+    allocator.setMapResourceRequest(1024);
+    allocator.setReduceResourceRequest(1024);
+    RMContainerAllocator.AssignedRequests assignedRequests =
+        allocator.getAssignedRequests();
+    RMContainerAllocator.ScheduledRequests scheduledRequests =
+        allocator.getScheduledRequests();
+    ContainerRequestEvent event1 =
+        createReq(jobId, 1, 2048, new String[] { "h1" }, false, false);
+    scheduledRequests.maps.put(mock(TaskAttemptId.class),
+        new RMContainerRequestor.ContainerRequest(event1, null));
+    assignedRequests.reduces.put(mock(TaskAttemptId.class),
+        mock(Container.class));
+
+    allocator.preemptReducesIfNeeded();
+    Assert.assertEquals("The reducer is not preempted",
+        1, assignedRequests.preemptionWaitingReduces.size());
+  }
+
+  @Test(timeout = 30000)
+  public void testNonAggressivelyPreemptReducers() throws Exception {
+    LOG.info("Running testPreemptReducers");
+
+    final int preemptThreshold = 2; //sec
+    Configuration conf = new Configuration();
+    conf.setInt(
+        MRJobConfig.MR_JOB_REDUCER_PREEMPT_DELAY_SEC,
+        preemptThreshold);
+
+    MyResourceManager rm = new MyResourceManager(conf);
+    rm.start();
+    DrainDispatcher dispatcher = (DrainDispatcher) rm.getRMContext()
+        .getDispatcher();
+
+    // Submit the application
+    RMApp app = rm.submitApp(1024);
+    dispatcher.await();
+
+    MockNM amNodeManager = rm.registerNode("amNM:1234", 2048);
+    amNodeManager.nodeHeartbeat(true);
+    dispatcher.await();
+
+    ApplicationAttemptId appAttemptId = app.getCurrentAppAttempt()
+        .getAppAttemptId();
+    rm.sendAMLaunched(appAttemptId);
+    dispatcher.await();
+
+    JobId jobId = MRBuilderUtils.newJobId(appAttemptId.getApplicationId(), 0);
+    Job mockJob = mock(Job.class);
+    when(mockJob.getReport()).thenReturn(
+        MRBuilderUtils.newJobReport(jobId, "job", "user", JobState.RUNNING, 0,
+            0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, "jobfile", null, false, ""));
+    ControlledClock clock = new ControlledClock(null);
+    clock.setTime(1);
+    MyContainerAllocator allocator = new MyContainerAllocator(rm, conf,
+        appAttemptId, mockJob, clock);
+    allocator.setMapResourceRequest(1024);
+    allocator.setReduceResourceRequest(1024);
+    RMContainerAllocator.AssignedRequests assignedRequests =
+        allocator.getAssignedRequests();
+    RMContainerAllocator.ScheduledRequests scheduledRequests =
+        allocator.getScheduledRequests();
+    ContainerRequestEvent event1 =
+        createReq(jobId, 1, 2048, new String[] { "h1" }, false, false);
+    scheduledRequests.maps.put(mock(TaskAttemptId.class),
+        new RMContainerRequestor.ContainerRequest(event1, null, clock.getTime()));
+    assignedRequests.reduces.put(mock(TaskAttemptId.class),
+        mock(Container.class));
+
+    clock.setTime(clock.getTime() + 1);
+    allocator.preemptReducesIfNeeded();
+    Assert.assertEquals("The reducer is aggressively preeempted", 0,
+        assignedRequests.preemptionWaitingReduces.size());
+
+    clock.setTime(clock.getTime() + (preemptThreshold) * 1000);
+    allocator.preemptReducesIfNeeded();
+    Assert.assertEquals("The reducer is not preeempted", 1,
+        assignedRequests.preemptionWaitingReduces.size());
+  }
+
   @Test
   public void testMapReduceScheduling() throws Exception {
 

hadoop-mapreduce-project/hadoop-mapreduce-client/hadoop-mapreduce-client-core/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/mapreduce/MRJobConfig.java

@@ -568,7 +568,17 @@ public interface MRJobConfig {
       MR_AM_PREFIX + "history.use-batched-flush.queue-size.threshold";
   public static final int DEFAULT_MR_AM_HISTORY_USE_BATCHED_FLUSH_QUEUE_SIZE_THRESHOLD =
       50;
-  
+
+  /**
+   * The threshold in terms of seconds after which an unsatisfied mapper request
+   * triggers reducer preemption to free space. Default 0 implies that the reduces
+   * should be preempted immediately after allocation if there is currently no
+   * room for newly allocated mappers.
+   */
+  public static final String MR_JOB_REDUCER_PREEMPT_DELAY_SEC =
+      "mapreduce.job.reducer.preempt.delay.sec";
+  public static final int DEFAULT_MR_JOB_REDUCER_PREEMPT_DELAY_SEC = 0;
+
   public static final String MR_AM_ENV =
       MR_AM_PREFIX + "env";
   

hadoop-mapreduce-project/hadoop-mapreduce-client/hadoop-mapreduce-client-core/src/main/resources/mapred-default.xml

@@ -285,6 +285,16 @@
 </property>
 
 
+<property>
+  <name>mapreduce.job.reducer.preempt.delay.sec</name>
+  <value>0</value>
+  <description>The threshold in terms of seconds after which an unsatisfied mapper 
+  request triggers reducer preemption to free space. Default 0 implies that the 
+  reduces should be preempted immediately after allocation if there is currently no
+  room for newly allocated mappers.
+  </description>
+</property>
+
 <property>
     <name>mapreduce.job.max.split.locations</name>
     <value>10</value>