HADOOP-16499. S3A retry policy to be exponential (#1246). Contributed by Steve Loughran.

hadoop-common-project/hadoop-common/src/main/resources/core-default.xml

@@ -1660,7 +1660,7 @@
 
 <property>
   <name>fs.s3a.retry.limit</name>
-  <value>${fs.s3a.attempts.maximum}</value>
+  <value>7</value>
   <description>
     Number of times to retry any repeatable S3 client request on failure,
     excluding throttling requests.
@@ -1671,7 +1671,7 @@
   <name>fs.s3a.retry.interval</name>
   <value>500ms</value>
   <description>
-    Interval between attempts to retry operations for any reason other
+    Initial retry interval when retrying operations for any reason other
     than S3 throttle errors.
   </description>
 </property>

hadoop-tools/hadoop-aws/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/fs/s3a/Constants.java

@@ -635,7 +635,7 @@ public final class Constants {
   /**
    * Default retry limit: {@value}.
    */
-  public static final int RETRY_LIMIT_DEFAULT = DEFAULT_MAX_ERROR_RETRIES;
+  public static final int RETRY_LIMIT_DEFAULT = 7;
 
   /**
    * Interval between retry attempts.: {@value}.

hadoop-tools/hadoop-aws/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/fs/s3a/S3ARetryPolicy.java

@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ public class S3ARetryPolicy implements RetryPolicy {
     Preconditions.checkArgument(conf != null, "Null configuration");
 
     // base policy from configuration
-    fixedRetries = retryUpToMaximumCountWithFixedSleep(
+    fixedRetries = exponentialBackoffRetry(
         conf.getInt(RETRY_LIMIT, RETRY_LIMIT_DEFAULT),
         conf.getTimeDuration(RETRY_INTERVAL,
             RETRY_INTERVAL_DEFAULT,

hadoop-tools/hadoop-aws/src/site/markdown/tools/hadoop-aws/index.md

@@ -1018,7 +1018,7 @@ is unrecoverable; it's the generic "No" response. Very rarely it
 does recover, which is why it is in this category, rather than that
 of unrecoverable failures.
 
-These failures will be retried with a fixed sleep interval set in
+These failures will be retried with an exponential sleep interval set in
 `fs.s3a.retry.interval`, up to the limit set in `fs.s3a.retry.limit`.
 
 
@@ -1033,7 +1033,7 @@ after the request was processed by S3.
 * "No response from Server" (443, 444) HTTP responses.
 * Any other AWS client, service or S3 exception.
 
-These failures will be retried with a fixed sleep interval set in
+These failures will be retried with an exponential sleep interval set in
 `fs.s3a.retry.interval`, up to the limit set in `fs.s3a.retry.limit`.
 
 *Important*: DELETE is considered idempotent, hence: `FileSystem.delete()`

hadoop-tools/hadoop-aws/src/site/markdown/tools/hadoop-aws/troubleshooting_s3a.md

@@ -1233,17 +1233,20 @@ The number of retries and interval between each retry can be configured:
 
 ```xml
 <property>
-  <name>fs.s3a.attempts.maximum</name>
-  <value>20</value>
-  <description>How many times we should retry commands on transient errors,
-  excluding throttling errors.</description>
+  <name>fs.s3a.retry.limit</name>
+  <value>7</value>
+  <description>
+    Number of times to retry any repeatable S3 client request on failure,
+    excluding throttling requests.
+  </description>
 </property>
 
 <property>
   <name>fs.s3a.retry.interval</name>
   <value>500ms</value>
   <description>
-    Interval between retry attempts.
+    Initial retry interval when retrying operations for any reason other
+    than S3 throttle errors.
   </description>
 </property>
 ```

hadoop-tools/hadoop-aws/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/fs/s3a/ITestS3AConfiguration.java

@@ -123,8 +123,7 @@ public class ITestS3AConfiguration {
 
   @Test
   public void testProxyConnection() throws Exception {
-    conf = new Configuration();
-    conf.setInt(Constants.MAX_ERROR_RETRIES, 2);
+    useFailFastConfiguration();
     conf.set(Constants.PROXY_HOST, "127.0.0.1");
     conf.setInt(Constants.PROXY_PORT, 1);
     String proxy =
@@ -133,6 +132,16 @@ public class ITestS3AConfiguration {
         conf, "when using proxy " + proxy);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Create a configuration designed to fail fast on network problems.
+   */
+  protected void useFailFastConfiguration() {
+    conf = new Configuration();
+    conf.setInt(Constants.MAX_ERROR_RETRIES, 2);
+    conf.setInt(Constants.RETRY_LIMIT, 2);
+    conf.set(RETRY_INTERVAL, "100ms");
+  }
+
   /**
    * Expect a filesystem to not be created from a configuration
    * @return the exception intercepted
@@ -153,9 +162,8 @@ public class ITestS3AConfiguration {
 
   @Test
   public void testProxyPortWithoutHost() throws Exception {
-    conf = new Configuration();
+    useFailFastConfiguration();
     conf.unset(Constants.PROXY_HOST);
-    conf.setInt(Constants.MAX_ERROR_RETRIES, 2);
     conf.setInt(Constants.PROXY_PORT, 1);
     IllegalArgumentException e = expectFSCreateFailure(
         IllegalArgumentException.class,
@@ -169,9 +177,8 @@ public class ITestS3AConfiguration {
 
   @Test
   public void testAutomaticProxyPortSelection() throws Exception {
-    conf = new Configuration();
+    useFailFastConfiguration();
     conf.unset(Constants.PROXY_PORT);
-    conf.setInt(Constants.MAX_ERROR_RETRIES, 2);
     conf.set(Constants.PROXY_HOST, "127.0.0.1");
     conf.set(Constants.SECURE_CONNECTIONS, "true");
     expectFSCreateFailure(AWSClientIOException.class,
@@ -183,8 +190,7 @@ public class ITestS3AConfiguration {
 
   @Test
   public void testUsernameInconsistentWithPassword() throws Exception {
-    conf = new Configuration();
-    conf.setInt(Constants.MAX_ERROR_RETRIES, 2);
+    useFailFastConfiguration();
     conf.set(Constants.PROXY_HOST, "127.0.0.1");
     conf.setInt(Constants.PROXY_PORT, 1);
     conf.set(Constants.PROXY_USERNAME, "user");
@@ -204,8 +210,7 @@ public class ITestS3AConfiguration {
 
   @Test
   public void testUsernameInconsistentWithPassword2() throws Exception {
-    conf = new Configuration();
-    conf.setInt(Constants.MAX_ERROR_RETRIES, 2);
+    useFailFastConfiguration();
     conf.set(Constants.PROXY_HOST, "127.0.0.1");
     conf.setInt(Constants.PROXY_PORT, 1);
     conf.set(Constants.PROXY_PASSWORD, "password");

hadoop-tools/hadoop-aws/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/fs/s3a/ITestS3ADelayedFNF.java

@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@
 
 package org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a;
 
+import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataInputStream;
-import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.contract.ContractTestUtils;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.impl.ChangeDetectionPolicy;
@@ -30,7 +30,13 @@ import org.junit.Assume;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
 import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
-import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+
+import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.Constants.CHANGE_DETECT_MODE;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.Constants.CHANGE_DETECT_SOURCE;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.Constants.METADATASTORE_AUTHORITATIVE;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.Constants.RETRY_INTERVAL;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.Constants.RETRY_LIMIT;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.S3ATestUtils.removeBaseAndBucketOverrides;
 
 /**
  * Tests behavior of a FileNotFound error that happens after open(), i.e. on
@@ -38,6 +44,21 @@ import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
  */
 public class ITestS3ADelayedFNF extends AbstractS3ATestBase {
 
+  @Override
+  protected Configuration createConfiguration() {
+    Configuration conf = super.createConfiguration();
+    // reduce retry limit so FileNotFoundException cases timeout faster,
+    // speeding up the tests
+    removeBaseAndBucketOverrides(conf,
+        CHANGE_DETECT_SOURCE,
+        CHANGE_DETECT_MODE,
+        RETRY_LIMIT,
+        RETRY_INTERVAL,
+        METADATASTORE_AUTHORITATIVE);
+    conf.setInt(RETRY_LIMIT, 2);
+    conf.set(RETRY_INTERVAL, "1ms");
+    return conf;
+  }
 
   /**
    * See debugging documentation
@@ -46,9 +67,9 @@ public class ITestS3ADelayedFNF extends AbstractS3ATestBase {
    */
   @Test
   public void testNotFoundFirstRead() throws Exception {
-    FileSystem fs = getFileSystem();
+    S3AFileSystem fs = getFileSystem();
     ChangeDetectionPolicy changeDetectionPolicy =
-        ((S3AFileSystem) fs).getChangeDetectionPolicy();
+        fs.getChangeDetectionPolicy();
     Assume.assumeFalse("FNF not expected when using a bucket with"
             + " object versioning",
         changeDetectionPolicy.getSource() == Source.VersionId);
@@ -61,12 +82,7 @@ public class ITestS3ADelayedFNF extends AbstractS3ATestBase {
 
     // This should fail since we deleted after the open.
     LambdaTestUtils.intercept(FileNotFoundException.class,
-        new Callable<Integer>() {
-          @Override
-          public Integer call() throws Exception {
-            return in.read();
-          }
-        });
+        () -> in.read());
   }
 
 }

hadoop-tools/hadoop-aws/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/fs/s3a/ITestS3AInconsistency.java

@@ -21,9 +21,7 @@ package org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a;
 import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
-import org.apache.hadoop.fs.contract.AbstractFSContract;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.contract.ContractTestUtils;
-import org.apache.hadoop.fs.contract.s3a.S3AContract;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.impl.ChangeDetectionPolicy;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.impl.ChangeDetectionPolicy.Source;
 import org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.s3guard.MetadataStore;
@@ -40,6 +38,7 @@ import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.contract.ContractTestUtils.touch;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.contract.ContractTestUtils.writeTextFile;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.Constants.*;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.FailureInjectionPolicy.*;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.S3ATestUtils.removeBaseAndBucketOverrides;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.test.LambdaTestUtils.eventually;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.test.LambdaTestUtils.intercept;
 
@@ -53,16 +52,40 @@ import static org.apache.hadoop.test.LambdaTestUtils.intercept;
  */
 public class ITestS3AInconsistency extends AbstractS3ATestBase {
 
-  private static final int OPEN_READ_ITERATIONS = 20;
+  private static final int OPEN_READ_ITERATIONS = 10;
+
+  public static final int INCONSISTENCY_MSEC = 800;
+
+  private static final int INITIAL_RETRY = 128;
+
+  private static final int RETRIES = 4;
+
+  /** By using a power of 2 for the initial time, the total is a shift left. */
+  private static final int TOTAL_RETRY_DELAY = INITIAL_RETRY << RETRIES;
 
   @Override
-  protected AbstractFSContract createContract(Configuration conf) {
+  protected Configuration createConfiguration() {
+    Configuration conf = super.createConfiguration();
+    // reduce retry limit so FileNotFoundException cases timeout faster,
+    // speeding up the tests
+    removeBaseAndBucketOverrides(conf,
+        CHANGE_DETECT_SOURCE,
+        CHANGE_DETECT_MODE,
+        RETRY_LIMIT,
+        RETRY_INTERVAL,
+        METADATASTORE_AUTHORITATIVE,
+        S3_CLIENT_FACTORY_IMPL);
     conf.setClass(S3_CLIENT_FACTORY_IMPL, InconsistentS3ClientFactory.class,
         S3ClientFactory.class);
     conf.set(FAIL_INJECT_INCONSISTENCY_KEY, DEFAULT_DELAY_KEY_SUBSTRING);
+    // the reads are always inconsistent
     conf.setFloat(FAIL_INJECT_INCONSISTENCY_PROBABILITY, 1.0f);
-    conf.setLong(FAIL_INJECT_INCONSISTENCY_MSEC, DEFAULT_DELAY_KEY_MSEC);
-    return new S3AContract(conf);
+    // but the inconsistent time is less than exponential growth of the
+    // retry interval (128 -> 256 -> 512 -> 1024
+    conf.setLong(FAIL_INJECT_INCONSISTENCY_MSEC, INCONSISTENCY_MSEC);
+    conf.setInt(RETRY_LIMIT, RETRIES);
+    conf.set(RETRY_INTERVAL, String.format("%dms", INITIAL_RETRY));
+    return conf;
   }
 
   @Test
@@ -111,7 +134,7 @@ public class ITestS3AInconsistency extends AbstractS3ATestBase {
   public void testOpenDeleteRead() throws Exception {
     S3AFileSystem fs = getFileSystem();
     ChangeDetectionPolicy changeDetectionPolicy =
-        ((S3AFileSystem) fs).getChangeDetectionPolicy();
+        fs.getChangeDetectionPolicy();
     Assume.assumeFalse("FNF not expected when using a bucket with"
             + " object versioning",
         changeDetectionPolicy.getSource() == Source.VersionId);
@@ -124,7 +147,7 @@ public class ITestS3AInconsistency extends AbstractS3ATestBase {
       fs.setMetadataStore(new NullMetadataStore());
       fs.delete(p, false);
       fs.setMetadataStore(metadataStore);
-      eventually(1000, 200, () -> {
+      eventually(TOTAL_RETRY_DELAY * 2, INITIAL_RETRY * 2, () -> {
         intercept(FileNotFoundException.class, () -> s.read());
       });
     }

hadoop-tools/hadoop-aws/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/fs/s3a/ITestS3ARemoteFileChanged.java

@@ -61,8 +61,7 @@ import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.contract.ContractTestUtils.dataset;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.contract.ContractTestUtils.readUTF8;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.contract.ContractTestUtils.writeDataset;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.Constants.*;
-import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.S3ATestUtils.getTestBucketName;
-import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.S3ATestUtils.removeBucketOverrides;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.S3ATestUtils.removeBaseAndBucketOverrides;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.impl.ChangeDetectionPolicy.CHANGE_DETECTED;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.select.SelectConstants.S3_SELECT_CAPABILITY;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.select.SelectConstants.SELECT_SQL;
@@ -123,8 +122,8 @@ public class ITestS3ARemoteFileChanged extends AbstractS3ATestBase {
 
   private static final byte[] TEST_DATA_BYTES = TEST_DATA.getBytes(
       Charsets.UTF_8);
-  private static final int TEST_MAX_RETRIES = 5;
-  private static final String TEST_RETRY_INTERVAL = "10ms";
+  private static final int TEST_MAX_RETRIES = 4;
+  private static final String TEST_RETRY_INTERVAL = "1ms";
   private static final String QUOTED_TEST_DATA =
       "\"" + TEST_DATA + "\"";
 
@@ -276,8 +275,7 @@ public class ITestS3ARemoteFileChanged extends AbstractS3ATestBase {
   @Override
   protected Configuration createConfiguration() {
     Configuration conf = super.createConfiguration();
-    String bucketName = getTestBucketName(conf);
-    removeBucketOverrides(bucketName, conf,
+    removeBaseAndBucketOverrides(conf,
         CHANGE_DETECT_SOURCE,
         CHANGE_DETECT_MODE,
         RETRY_LIMIT,

hadoop-tools/hadoop-aws/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/fs/s3a/ITestS3GuardOutOfBandOperations.java

@@ -53,9 +53,13 @@ import org.apache.hadoop.fs.contract.ContractTestUtils;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.contract.ContractTestUtils.readBytesToString;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.contract.ContractTestUtils.touch;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.contract.ContractTestUtils.writeTextFile;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.Constants.CHANGE_DETECT_MODE;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.Constants.CHANGE_DETECT_SOURCE;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.Constants.DEFAULT_METADATASTORE_METADATA_TTL;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.Constants.METADATASTORE_AUTHORITATIVE;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.Constants.METADATASTORE_METADATA_TTL;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.Constants.RETRY_INTERVAL;
+import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.Constants.RETRY_LIMIT;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.Constants.S3_METADATA_STORE_IMPL;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.S3ATestUtils.checkListingContainsPath;
 import static org.apache.hadoop.fs.s3a.S3ATestUtils.checkListingDoesNotContainPath;
@@ -115,7 +119,7 @@ public class ITestS3GuardOutOfBandOperations extends AbstractS3ATestBase {
 
   public static final int STABILIZATION_TIME = 20_000;
 
-  public static final int PROBE_INTERVAL_MILLIS = 500;
+  public static final int PROBE_INTERVAL_MILLIS = 2500;
 
   private S3AFileSystem guardedFs;
   private S3AFileSystem rawFS;
@@ -153,6 +157,19 @@ public class ITestS3GuardOutOfBandOperations extends AbstractS3ATestBase {
         (authoritative ? "-auth" : "-nonauth");
   }
 
+  @Override
+  protected Configuration createConfiguration() {
+    Configuration conf = super.createConfiguration();
+    // reduce retry limit so FileNotFoundException cases timeout faster,
+    // speeding up the tests
+    removeBaseAndBucketOverrides(conf,
+        RETRY_LIMIT,
+        RETRY_INTERVAL);
+    conf.setInt(RETRY_LIMIT, 3);
+    conf.set(RETRY_INTERVAL, "10ms");
+    return conf;
+  }
+
   @Before
   public void setup() throws Exception {
     super.setup();

hadoop-tools/hadoop-aws/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/fs/s3a/S3ATestUtils.java

@@ -769,6 +769,20 @@ public final class S3ATestUtils {
     removeBucketOverrides(bucket, conf, options);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Remove any values from the test bucket and the base values too.
+   * @param conf config
+   * @param options list of fs.s3a options to remove
+   */
+  public static void removeBaseAndBucketOverrides(
+      final Configuration conf,
+      final String... options) {
+    for (String option : options) {
+      conf.unset(option);
+    }
+    removeBaseAndBucketOverrides(getTestBucketName(conf), conf, options);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Call a function; any exception raised is logged at info.
    * This is for test teardowns.

hadoop-tools/hadoop-aws/src/test/java/org/apache/hadoop/fs/s3a/commit/staging/TestStagingCommitter.java

@@ -142,6 +142,8 @@ public class TestStagingCommitter extends StagingTestBase.MiniDFSTest {
         uniqueFilenames);
     jobConf.set(FS_S3A_COMMITTER_STAGING_UUID,
         UUID.randomUUID().toString());
+    jobConf.set(RETRY_INTERVAL, "100ms");
+    jobConf.setInt(RETRY_LIMIT, 1);
 
     this.results = new StagingTestBase.ClientResults();
     this.errors = new StagingTestBase.ClientErrors();